Table of Contents
About the Author vii
Preface ix
Section I Surgery Review
Chapter 1 Trauma 3
Initial Survey (the ABCs) 3
Airway 3
Breathing 4
Shock 4
A Review from Head to Toe 7
Head Trauma 7
Neck Trauma 9
Spinal Cord Injuries 10
Chest Trauma 10
Abdominal Trauma 13
Pelvic Fractures 17
Urologie Injuries 17
The Extremities 19
Burns 19
Bites and Stings 23
Surgical Infections 25
Chapter 2 Orthopedics 29
Disorders in Children 29
Disorders of the Hip 29
Other Locations 30
Fractures 31
Tumors 32
Children and Young Adults 32
Adults 32
General Orthopedics 33
Common Adult Orthopedic Injuries 33
Orthopedic Emergencies 38
Common Hand Problems 40
Back Pain 41
Leg Ulcers 43
Foot Pain 44
Chapter 3 Pre-Op and Post-Op Care 45
Preoperative Assessment 45
Cardiac Risk 45
Pulmonary Risk 46
Hepatic Risk 46
Nutritional Risk 46
Metabolic Risk 47
Postoperative Complications 47
Fever 47
Chest Pain 48
Other Pulmonary Complications 49
Disorientation/Coma 50
Urinary Complications 51
Abdominal Distention 52
Is It Small Bowel or Colon? 53
What Are Air-Fluid Levels? 53
Wound 54
Intravenous Fluid Therapy 55
Fluids and Electrolytes 57
pH or Nanoequivalents? 58
Nutritional Support of the Surgical Patient 61
Radiology for the Surgical Consumer 63
Chapter 4 General Surgery 65
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System 65
The Upper Gastrointestinal System 65
The Mid and Lower Gastrointestinal System 67
Gastrointestinal Bleeding 72
The Acute Abdomen 74
Hepatobiliary 77
ERCP or MRCP? 80
The Pancreas 83
A Primer of Surgical Oncology 85
Diseases of the Breast 87
Breast Cancer: An Example of Evolving Knowledge 90
Diseases of the Endocrine System 92
Help from Nuclear Medicine 93
Surgical Hypertension 95
Decoding the Operative Note: The Names of Operations 97
Chapter 5 Pediatric Surgery 99
Birth Through the First 24 Hours 99
A Few Days Old Through the First Two Months of Life 102
Later in Infancy 104
Fluid Needs in Children 105
Chapter 6 Cardiothoracic Surgery 107
Congenital Heart Problems 107
Acquired Heart Disease 109
The Lung 111
Chapter 7 Vascular Surgery 113
The Riddle of Biopsies: FNA Versus Core, Incisional Versus Excisional 117
Chapter 8 Skin Surgery 119
Chapter 9 Ophthalmology 121
Children 121
Adults 122
Chapter 10 Otolaryngology (ENT) 125
Neck Masses 125
Congenital 125
Inflammatory Versus Neoplastic 126
Other Tumors 127
Pediatric ENT 128
ENT Emergencies and Miscellaneous 128
Chapter 11 Neurosurgery 131
Differential Diagnosis Based on Patient History 131
Vascular Occlusive Disease 131
Intracranial Bleeding 132
Brain Tumors 133
Pain Syndromes 136
Chapter 12 Urology 137
Urologic Emergencies 137
Congenital Urologic Disease 139
Tumors 140
Retention and Incontinence 141
Stones 142
Miscellaneous 143
Diagnosing Nocturnal Erections with Postage Stamps: A Generation Gap 144
Chapter 13 Bariatric Surgery 145
Chapter 14 Organ Transplantation 149
Section II Practice Questions
Questions 153
Answer Key 243
